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Writing Chemical
Formulas and Naming Compounds
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Writing Chemical Formulas
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Write the metal or + ion FIRST
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Write the nonmetal or - ion SECOND
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Criss Cross Method
Crisscross the oxidation numbers and reduce if needed
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Add to Zero Method
Choose the least common multiple of the oxidation numbers and multiply
and make the oxidation numbers add to zero |
| Ca+2 P-3 Ca3P2 |
K+1 Se-2 K2Se |
+6 -6 = 0 Ca+2 P-3 3 2 Ca3P2 |
+2 -2 = 0 K+1 Se-2 2 1 K2Se |
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Naming Compounds
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| Use a Roman Numeral when the + ion's
oxidation #'s is not the one off the Periodic Table |
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1. Binary Compounds: |
change the ending to "ide"
Nonmetal-Nonmetals
use prefixes to represent the # of atoms
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CaI
2
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Calcium Iodine becomes Calcium
Iodide
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AlP
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Aluminum Phosphorus becomes Aluminum
Phosphide |
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CO
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Carbon Oxygen becomes Carbon Monoxide
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P
2O5
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Phosphorus Oxygen becomes Diphosphorus
Pentoxide |
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CuCl
2
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Copper Chlorine becomes Copper
II Chloride [Copper is normally +1, but here it is +2, needs a roman numeral] |
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2. Binary Acids: |
Hydro_____________ic acid
Nonmetal Stem |
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HF
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Hydrofluoric acid
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H2
S
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Hydrosulfuric acid |
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HBr
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Hydrobromic acid |
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3. Bases: |
_________
Hydroxide
Metal
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LiOH |
Lithium Hydroxide
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Pt(OH) 2 |
Platinum Hydroxide |
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Pb(OH) 2 |
Lead II Hydroxide |
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4. Ternary Acids: |
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6 Main Acids |
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H 3BO3 Boric acid |
4 Different Forms
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H 2CO3 Carbonic acid |
Per
_______ic acid +1 oxygen atom |
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HNO 3 Nitric acid |
_______ic acid Main acid |
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H 3PO4 Phosphoric acid |
_______ous acid -1 oxygen atom |
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H 2SO4 Sulfuric acid |
Hypo_______ous
acid -2 oxygen atoms |
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HClO 3 Chloric Acid |
| H
3PO3 |
Phosphorus acid
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| HClO
4 |
Perchloric acid |
| H
2SeO4 |
Selenic acid |
| H
3AsO2 |
Hypoarsenous acid |
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5. Ternary Salts: |
Acid Ends
Salt Ends "ic" "ate" "ous" "ite" |
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K 3BO3 |
Potassium Borate
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Fe 2(SO3)3 |
Iron Sulfite |
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Bi 2(SiO)5 |
Bismuth Hyposilicite |
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SnSO 4 |
Tin II Sulfate |
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Compounds you
need to know:
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Ammonia
NH3 |
Hydrogen Peroxide
H2O2 |
Acetic acid
HC2H3O2 |
Acetate ion
C2H3O2- |
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Practice
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| Write the Formula: |
Write the Name: |
| Beryllium Fluoride |
__________ |
Ca(OH)2 |
_______________ |
| Chromium VI Nitrate |
__________ |
HCl |
_______________ |
| Cesium Hydroxide |
__________ |
SO3 |
_______________ |
| Dinitrogen Trioxide |
__________ |
Hg3As2 |
_______________ |
| Nitrous acid |
__________ |
FeCO3 |
_______________ |
| Hydrofluoric acid |
__________ |
H3BO |
_______________ |
| Tin Acetate |
__________ |
NH3 |
_______________ |
| Copper II Nitride |
__________ |
H2Te |
_______________ |
| Perchloric acid |
__________ |
HC2H3O2 |
_______________ |
| Antimony Hydroxide |
__________ |
PCl3 |
_______________ |
| Hydroastatic acid |
__________ |
NiBr2 |
_______________ |
| Sodium Selenite |
__________ |
W3(BO3)2 |
_______________ |
| Silver Iodide |
__________ |
CaSO4 |
_______________ |
| Cadmium Chlorate |
__________ |
Mn(OH)5 |
_______________ |
| Tellurous acid |
__________ |
K2S |
_______________ |
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Answers:
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| Write the Formula |
Write the Name: |
| Beryllium Fluoride |
BeF2
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Ca(OH)2 |
Calcium Hydroxide
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| Chromium VI Nitrate |
Cr(NO3)
6 |
HCl |
Hydrochloric acid |
| Cesium Hydroxide |
CsOH |
SO3 |
Sulfur Trioxide |
| Dinitrogen Trioxide |
N2O
3 |
Hg3As2 |
Mercury Arsenide |
| Nitrous acid |
HNO2 |
FeCO3 |
Iron II Carbonate |
| Hydrofluoric acid |
HF |
H3BO |
Hypoborous acid |
| Tin Acetate |
Sn(C2H
3 O2)4 |
NH3 |
Ammonia |
| Copper II Nitride |
Cu3N
2 |
H2Te |
Hydrotelluric acid |
| Perchloric acid |
HClO4 |
HC2H3O2 |
Acetic acid |
| Antimony Hydroxide |
Sb(OH)5 |
PCl3 |
Phosphorus Trichloride |
| Hydroastatic acid |
HAt |
NiBr2 |
Nickel Bromide |
| Sodium Selenite |
Na2SeO
3 |
W3(BO3)2 |
Tungsten Borate |
| Silver Iodide |
AgI |
CaSO4 |
Calcium Sulfate |
| Cadmium Chlorate |
Cd(ClO3)
2 |
Mn(OH)5 |
Manganese V Hydroxide |
| Tellurous acid |
H2TeO
3 |
K2S |
Potassium Sulfide |
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Organic Chemistry
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| IUPAC Rules for Naming Hydrocarbons: 1. Determine the longest unbroken chain and name it last. 2. Number the carbons in the longest chain [Left to Right or Right to Left] so the substitution groups get the lowest number. 3. Use prefixes for more than 1 substitution group 4. Name Substitution Group with: Halogens - 1st and Alkyl Groups - 2nd. [Use alphabetical order for more than 1 type of substituion group] 5. Number the carbons so the double or triple bond gets the lowest number. |
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